UC Irvine Regional Burn Center Frequently asked Questions

	Q.	What are first, second and third-degree burns?
	Q.	How should I treat a first or second-degree burn?
	Q.	What do I need to know about electrical and chemical burns?
	Q.	How long does it take for burns to heal?

Q. What are first, second and third-degree burns?

A. First-degree burns only affect the outer layer of the skin, the epidermis. The burn area is red, slightly swollen and without blisters. Characteristic is the typical unpleasant burn pain. First-degree burns usually heal without problems and long-term damage is rare.

A second-degree burn causes redness and swelling and the area is extremely painful. Characteristic is the formation of fluid filled blisters. Second-degree burns involve the epidermis and part of the dermis layer of the skin.

With third-degree burns, the damage extends deeper into the skin tissues. Common symptoms include dry, leathery, necrotic skin. The burned skin may look white or charred. If the burn has destroyed nerve endings, the victim may experience little or no pain. Third-degree burns always need immediate medical attention.

Q. How should I treat a first or second-degree burn?

A. The wound should be rinsed immediately under cool running water for approximately five to 10 minutes or until pain subsides. Do not apply ice. Cool water is known to relieve pain and reduce swelling by conducting heat away from the skin, which helps prevent blister formation.

Dry the wound carefully and take the appropriate precautions to avoid further damage to vulnerable skin. Cover the burn with a moist dressing and seek medical advice.

Q. What do I need to know about electrical and chemical burns?

A. A person with an electrical burn (for example, from a power line) should go to the hospital right away. Electrical burns often cause serious injury inside the body, which may not show on the skin.

A chemical burn should be washed with large amounts of water. Take off any clothing that has come in contact with the chemical and do not cover the burned area. This may start a chemical reaction that could make the burn worse. If you don't know what to do, call 9-1-1 or your local poison control center and seek medical advice right away.

Q. How long does it take for burns to heal?

A. First-degree burns usually heal in three 3 to six 6 days. Second-degree burns usually heal in two 2 to three 3 weeks. Third-degree burns usually take a very long time to heal.

Questions? Contact UC Irvine Regional Burn Center at 888.622.BURN (888.622.2876)

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